Carburetor



Sept. 1l, 1928. 1,684,355

F. LloUD CARBURETOR Filed April. 21, 1924 z sheets-sheet 1 A F. LloUD Sept. l l, 1928.

CARBURETOR Filed April 2l, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG':

Witz/www .yam fin/fm (jew MMM Patented Sept. "11, 1928.

FRANK LIOUD, OF ST. ETIENE, FRANCE.

GARBUBETGR.

Application filed April 21, 1924, Serial No.

This invention relates to a two fuel carburetor, one of which ma be petrol or any iight fuel and the other benzol, alcohol or a heavy fuel, or water. The carburetor oper- 5 ates in such a way that when starting the engine the light fuel only comes into use, and when running normally the two fuels come into actionsimultaneously but in a variable proportion according to the speed of the l engine. The supply of the llght fuel d1-l minishes with the speed, while the supply of the water orheavy fuel increases; during pick-ups the fuels again come into simultaneous action but in this case the light fuel or l volatile hydrocarbon predominates.

This automatic regulation of the p roportions of the two fuels is obtained by utllizing the variations of suction, both in the mixing chamber of the carburetor and in the fuel tank of the carburetor, this being rendered possible by the provision of Ifeed orifices of suitably calculated size and by a particular arrangement of the parts of the carburetor. The invention will be readily understood by referring to the accompanying drawings which represent, by way of example, a petrol and water carburetor. It is, however, understood that the invention is not restricted to the use of these liquids and that the petrol can bepreplaced by any light easlly inflammable fuel, and the water can be re placed by any combustible or noncombustible liquid, acting either by the d isassociatlon of its elements or by the utilization of its latent heat of vaporization.

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the carburetor taken on the line 1--1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a plan thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on llne 3-3 of Fi .4ey Y lil-ig 4 is a horizontal section on line 4 4 'of Fig. 3.

` The carburetor comprises two constant level chambers a, b, the rst containing etrol and the second the water. The chamer a communicates by means of a condggtb in which there is a calibrated plug c, both with the etrol well d and with a chamber e into whic leads a tube f open at both ends.

50 The float chamber b communicates by means of a conduit g also provided with a calibrated lug h, with a second chamber i separated rom chamber e by a plug y' and into which chamber z' leads a tube 7s looncentric with the tube f.

A third inner tube Z concentric with the 708,012, and in France october 24, 1923.

tubes is, f communicates with a lower chamber lm, separated from the chamber e by a plug u, and communicating with the atmosphere by means of a cock o.

. The three tubes f, 7c, Z open into a chamber p provided at its base with adjustable air holes g, and towards the top with lateral slots 2" which direct the explosive mixture against the wall of the choke s where it is broken up before passing into the suction chamber t of the carburetor. This latter comprises a boss in which is a rotary throttle u and the arrangement of which is such that it allows communication either through the conduit y between the suction pipe o, the fuel well d and an airinlet (position shown in lfig. l), or communication between the suction pipe o and the chamber t.

The working of the carburetor is as follows:

At starting, the well d is lled with petrol as well as the chamber e and the space comprised between the tubes f and l; the water fills the chamber i and the space comprised between the tubes j 'and k. The throttle u being slightly turned the suction of the motor is exerted through the conduit y in the well d, and a rich mixture of petrol and air which enters through is sucked up, which facilitates starting. This position is also that for slow speed running.

When the engine is -.well started the throttle u is turned to 'shutoff communication with the conduit y and open communicatlon with the chamber t.' The suction produced in this latter also acts in the chamber p upon the tubes containing the water. the petrol and eventually, the central air tube 1n proportion as the cock: o is opened. Atthis moment the delivery of pet-rol, which during calibrated jet c, is increased owing tothe reserve of petrol accumulated in the well al durlng running at slow speed up to a level determined by the quantity of air admitted into this latter by the conduit and the calibrated orifice of the plug a. The petrol and the water sucked up simultaneously, pass through the orifices of their respective nozzles, into the chamber p vwhere a first intimate mixture takes place with the air entering Ithrough the holes g and eventually through the conduit` ZV; then the mixture meets the depending cone 'w' which deflects its path and causes it to pass out through the lateral holes r along a path perpendicunormal running is regulated by the reserve accumulated in the well d.

suction exerted by the engine. The 'feed of the water however increases with the suction, up to a definite limit. If the cock ov be opened the air which arrives through the central tube lessens still further the richness of the mixture and, consequently, the consumption of petrol, as the quantity of petrol remains the same for a greater amount of mixture sucked up. Thus a satisfactory and veryeconomical supply of fuel is obtained for all rates of speed at which the motor or engine mayY be running. I am aware that prior to my invention carburetors have been constructed with a central air tube and two concentric outer tubes supplying fuel. Also that in a carburetor a compound nozzle for supplying different liquid -fuels and a well for supplying fuel at idling speeds are known and I do not laim such features in themselves but it can be seen that the feed from the Atwo concentric fuel ltubes can be varied as required by opening cock o more or less.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States Iis:- i

A carburetor for two liquids, a lower, an intermediate and an upper chamber se arated from one another the lower cham r pipe is provided with a suitable throttle,

the upper of said chambers being in communication with the outer of said annular liquid supply tubes and fed with a second and different liquid, the 'delivery mouth of the inner annular tube being at a higher level than lthe delivery mouth of the outer annular tube so as to ensure the reponderance of the supply of light fuel uring low speeds and an increase lin the proportion of the second liquid at high speeds of the engine, the said mouths being freely enclosed in a cylindrical chamber situated on the axis of said suction pipe of the carburetor and provided with air admission orifices at the level of said second mouth and with mixture outlets above said mouths and opposite a depending conical member at the upper end of said chamber and adapted to deflect the flow of the mixture so that it flows through said mixture outlets perpendicular to the axis of said choke tube, all substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification.

vFRANK LIOUD. 

